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KMID : 0620920000320020072
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Experimental & Molecular Medicine
2000 Volume.32 No. 2 p.72 ~ p.78
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The mucosal adjuvanticity of two nontoxic mutants of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin varies with immunization routes
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Jung Sun Yum/Eun Jeong Park
Ji Hoon Chang/Jang Seong Kim/Jung Sun Yum/Soo Il Chung
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Abstract
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Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), which causes a characteristic diarrhea in humans and animals, is a strong mucosal immunogen and has powerful mucosal adjuvant activity towards coadministered unrelated antigens. Here we report the different mucosal adjuvanticity of nontoxic LT derivatives, LTS63Y and LTΔ110/112, generated by immunizing through two different mucosal routes. Intragastric (IG) immunization with Helicobacter pylori urease alone resulted in poor systemic IgG and IgA responses and no detectable local secretory IgA, but IG co-immunization with urease and LTΔ110/112 induced high titers of urease-specific local secretory IgA and systemic IgG and IgA, comparable to those induced by wild-type LT. LTS63Y showed far lower adjuvant activity towards urease than LTΔ110/112 in IG immunization, but was more active than LTΔ110/112 in inducing immune responses to urease by intranasal (IN) immunization. LTΔ110/112 predominantly enhanced the induction of urease-specific IgG1 levels following IG immunization, whereas LTS63Y induced high levels of IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b following IN immunization. In addition, quantitative H. pylori culture of stomach tissue following challenge with H. pylori demonstrated a 90-95% reduction (p < 0.0002) in bacterial burden in mice immunized intranasally with urease using either mutant LT as an adjuvant. These results indicate that the mechanism(s) underlying the adjuvant activities of mutant LTs towards coadmnistered H. pylori urease may differ between the IN and IG mucosal immunization routes.
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KEYWORD
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LTS63Y, LT△110/112, secretory IgA, mucosal adjuvant,
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